Improvement in circulating devices for steam-boilers



2 Sheets-Sheet 1 B. S. KOLL.

CIRCULATING DEVICE FOR STEAM BOILER.

Patented. June 6, 1876.

No. 178.Z44.

N. PETERS. PHormuYHneRAPnEn, WASHINGTON, Di 8,

'and useful Improvement in Steam-Boiler Attachments; and I do herebydeclare the-folthis specification, in Which-like letters indiit is alsoapplicable to what are commonly and extending. through nearly or thegreater 7 pin, -b, and each section is made T-shaped PATENT I Err-ole.

BENJAMIN s. KOLL', 70F PITTSBURG, PENNSYLVANIA.

IMPROVEMENT, lN CIRCULATINGDEVICES FOR STEAM-BOILERS.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 178,244, dated J une 6,1876; application filed April 1, 1876.

To all whom it may concern:

. Be it known thatI, BENJAMIN S. KOLL, of Pittsburg, county ofAllegheny, State of Pennsylvania, have invented or discovered a newlowing to be a full, clear, concise, and exact description thereof,reference being had to the accompanyingdrawings,making a part of eatinglike parts-- Figured, Sheet 1, is a perspective view, partly in section,of a common steam-boiler fitted with my improvements. Fig. 2 is arearend elevation of the same, showing, by dotted lines, the arrangementof aportion of the devices inclosed therein. Fig. 3 is adetached view ofthe curved jointed T-shaped bearing of the circulation-plates. Fig. 4,Sheet 2, is -a perspective View, partly in section, showing a portion ofmy improvements as applied to a locomotive-boiler; and Fig. 5 is atransverse sectional elevation of a sectional boiler, also illustrativeof the application thereto of a portion of my improvements.

My invention relates, chiefly, to that class of steam-boilers known asflue or cylinder boilers for generating steam for either land or marineengines, though in some of its features known as sectional boilers andthe nature of it consists in the features of construction andcombination of devices or apparatus applied or arranged inside theb0il6I,fSl1bStl.ll-- tially as hereinafter set forth and claimed.

The cylindrical boiler A has anyknown or desired arrangement of flues, Aone or more in number, and the usual steam drum A Along the bottom ofthe inside of the boiler,

part of its length is a vertical diaphragm, 8, extending up about onethird the diameter of the boiler, more or less. on each side of thisdiaphragm, at each end of the boiler, and at intermediate points, ifnecessary, I arrange the curved jointed bearings B. -(Shown in Figs. 1and 3.) These bearings are made of sections jointed together by a hingeor pivot transversely, the head of the T facing inward.

The object of this curved jointed construction phragm s, and the curvedparts following the curvature of the shell of the boiler, extending upto a point a little below the water-line, but preferably a littleabovethe tops of the lines A The spaces thus inclosed between a and s, andbetween a and A, constitute a circulation-chamber, in which the'water,under the action of the heat and other causes, will follow the generaldirection indicated by the arrows. Just above the upper outer ends ofsuch chamber, and extending lengthwise of the boiler, is adeflecting-plate, d, which performs the office of deflecting the upwardflow of the water inthe line of circulation, away from the shell of theboiler, above the fire-line, onto the tops of the fines A even when,through the negligence of the engineer or otherwise, the level of thewater in the boiler may be belowthe tops of the lines. The water then,descending, passes down between the diaphragm s and the verticalplates'a, and again passes up between the plates at and the shell of theboiler.

These plates at a, are preferably made in sections, so that they canbeintrod need through the man-hole, and applied to boilers already wisesecured thereto, will suffice to hold them in place.

- The vertical lates a are however so disposed that the bulk of .thewater, in its downward flow, will pass through the trough shapeddead-water spaces 0, Fig. 2, before reentering the exteriorcirculation-chamber described. Salts, silicates, sedimentary matter,

&c., contained in the water will here be deposited, or be retained insolution, as the solutions acquire a high specific gravity, and areblown out or drawn off by the pipes P, one at or near the bottom of eachsuch space,and for opening such blow-off the cocks P are provided. Also,in order to facilitate the discharge through such pipes and cooks, Iarrange at the opposite end of the boiler a steam wash-pipe, e, whichextends from the steamspace above the water-line down to the bot-- tomof the dead-water spaces a, where, dividing into two branches, 0 6, itopens into each dead-water space in the direction the blowoff is to beeffected. Then, when the blowofi -cocks are opened, the deadwater,--withits deposits. in starting toward the opening, will reduce the pressureat the open ends of the pipes e sufficiently for the steam to force itsWay down the pipe 6, blow out at the open ends of e, and facilitate orhasten the removal of the loaded or saturated dead-Water in the spaces0.

The next part of my invention relates to the discharge of the feed-water(after being heated or partly heated in coiled pipes, or withoutheating, as may be preferred) into the circulation spaces or chambers,in the direction of the flow of the circulatory currents alreadydescribed. For this purpose the feed-water may be introduced through apipe, g, coiled in the boiler-space, as shown, or through a pipe, 9,coiled in the steam-drum. In either case the feed-water, after beingthus heated or partly heated, is carried by one or more doWn-goin gpipes, h, to the bottom of the boiler,

and thence, by the curved brauches h, into the circulation-chambers,between the plates a and the shell of the boiler, and these branches,being in line with the direction of circulation discharge therein, andso add to the force and velocity of such currents, and

effectually prevent the accumulation or formation of strata of water inthe boiler of different temperatures. Or, if the feed-water be fed inwith little or .no pressure, the action or direction of flow of thecirculatory currents willtake the boiler-pressure off the discharge.

ends ofthe pipes, and allow the feed-water to flow-in freely.

. This feature of the invention is shownas applied to alocomotive-boilerin Fig. 4, where A represents the boiler-shell next to the firebox; a,a, the circulation-plates; s, the diaphragm already described, and h thefeedwater discharge-pipe, arranged to discharge inthe lineof and withthe circulatory watercurrents, the direction of which is indicated bythe arrows. The same element is shown in Fig. 5 in connection with asectional boiler,

-h being the feed-water pipe, and h the discharge, arranged, as before,to discharge in the line of and with the circulation, as also indicatedby arrows.

In lieu of the T-shaped bearings, angleiron bearings may be employed,and when the links are made short, each one may be made straight insteadof curved, though they will, as a'whole, take substantially a curvedform when in place. The use of a diaphragm, s, for dividing thecirculatory system of a flue or cylinder boiler into two parts, eachoperat ingindependentlyof the other, so far as relates to the rapidityof the flow, is important, where, as often happens, the fire on one sideof the boiler is a little hotter than on the opening between the loweradjacent edges of such plates for a downward current, to supply theupwardcurrent between the plates and the shell of the boiler,substantially as set forth.

3. Acirculation-plate, a a, arranged'in a cylinder or flue boiler,substantially as set forth, whereby a trough-shaped dead-water space, 0,is secured above the bottom of the boiler, and a little out of the lineof circulation.

4. The combination ofcirculation-plates a a,

following the curvature of the boilershell and deflecting-plates d,attached to the shell; substantially as set forth. 1

5. The vertical diaphragm's, in c0mbina= tionwith a system ofcirculation plates and passages on either side, substantially as and forthepu-rposes set forth. I 6. The plates or a, constructed as described,

so as to fornrdead-water troughs c, incombination with a blow-off pipe,P, arranged therein, substantially as set forth.

7. The combination of blow-off pipes-P and steam washpipes e e,relatively arranged in the dead-water troughs, substantially asset'forth.

8. In a boiler having a system of waterciroulatioupassages, whereincirculation is, v

kept up in such passages by the fire heat or diflerences'of temperature,the arrangement of the feed-water pipe in the line of 'watercirculation, and discharging in the direction of the flow of thecurrents, substantially as set forth. I

9. A duplicate system of water-feed, watercirculation,"and waterblow-off, arranged in the opposite halves of a cylinder or flue boiler,

and on opposite sides of a vertical longitudinal diaphragm,substantially as set forth.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand.

BENJAMIN S. KOLL.

- Witnesses: I

JAMESM. OHRIsTY, GLAUDIUs L. PARKER.

